مجله تحقیقات آزمایشگاهی دامپزشکی
سال پانزدهم شماره 1 (بهار و تابستان 1402)

This report paper presents the occurance of male pseudohermaphroditism in a female Sangesari breed lamb of 8 months age, which was identified and approved through macroscopic and microscopic examination.Visual examination of the external genitalia in the lamb indicated to be female with vulva, but the lamb had testes and epididymis like structure as internal genital organs.On histopathological examination of testicular tissues presence of immature seminiferous tubules lined by Sertoli cells and primitive gamet like cells was revealed. Cyctic tubule like structures with primitive and degenerative gamet like cells of epididymis, was observed microscopically. Presence of prostat like structure within the uterine wall was considered as a unique microscopic structure in this study.In spite of very rare reports of male pseudohermaphroditism in sheep, and lack of previous studies on Sangesari breed, this study was considered as the first report of this disorder in the above mentioned breed in Semnan province, Iran.

Prevention, control and eradication of brucellosis in areas where the disease is endemic requires sufficient epidemiological information to apply policies. The present study was conducted with the aim of epidemiological investigation of brucellosis among the ruminant population of Lorestan province. In this cross-sectional descriptive study, all studies related to brucellosis in livestock were analyzed in Lorestan province. The results obtained from this study show that brucellosis has a high prevalence (22%) in three ruminant species (including cows, sheep and goats) of Lorestan province. The highest prevalence of brucellosis in sheep, goat, and cow milk was determined to be 25.6%, 23.5%, and 21.3%, respectively. Brucella abortus is the predominant species in milk obtained from ruminants in Lorestan province. Rev. 1 vaccine strain is excreted to a high extent (7.5%) in sheep and goats' milk. In general, unpasteurized milk is introduced as a threat to public health in Lorestan province. More extensive studies should be conducted, and existing methods of controlling and eradicating brucellosis should be modified.

The skeletal system is a common site for neoplasia in dogs and cats. primary bone tumors in dogs usually are more malignant than benign tumors. Osteoid osteoma is well described in humans, but there are known to be only a few cases in domestic animal species3. An uncommon benign bone tumor in dogs is Osteoma that composed of abnormally dense bone. This tumor commonly occurs in long bones like the femur and humerus; also, the mandible and skull in dogs.  Osteoma A 4-year-old neutered female spitz dog with a history of 2 days lameness in the left pelvic limb and no history of trauma, ataxia, incoordination of the hind limb in gate and knuckling was examined. In the Radiograph examination, periosteal reaction and osteolysis of the right femoral head in the pelvis region were present. Histological analysis with hematoxylin and eosin stain revealed irregular trabecular bone with varying mineralization bordered by a monolayer of osteoblasts and osteoclasts. The fibrovascular stroma of the tumor was adjacent by thick sclerotic bone, No Mitotic figures were present in mass. Based on imaging findings and histopathologic results, Periosteal Osteoid Osteoma was confirmed.

This study aimed to explore the impact of injecting Zataria multiflora essence on growth performance and serum biochemical parameters in preweaning calves. Fifteen Holstein calves, aged 3-8 days with an average weight of 40.7±0.70 kg, were randomly assigned to three groups: a control group receiving a placebo, a group receiving 100 mg/kg of Zataria multiflora essential oil (MZ100), and a group receiving 200 mg/kg of Zataria multiflora essential oil (MZ200) via injection. The growth performance, daily feed intake, blood parameters, fecal appearance consistency, and feces microbial population calves were assessed. The results of this study showed that the MZ200 group exhibited the highest feed consumption and body weight compared to the control (p<0.05). Blood glucose concentration was highest in the control group and lowest in the MZ100 group 24 hours' post-injection and one month later (p<0.05). Microbial population analysis revealed that the control group had the highest fecal Escherichia coli population, while the MZ200 group had the lowest (p<0.05). The injection of 200 mg/kg of Zataria multiflora essential oil at birth appeared to enhance calf growth, improve feeding efficiency, and positively influence some blood parameters.

The use of breast disinfectants is one of the tools to control the spread of factors involved in mastitis infection, especially Pseudomonas aeruginosa.In this research, 100 samples of bovine mastitis milk were collected from Fars province and Kazerun city, of which 88 were environmental strains and 12 were clinical strains, of which; 8 strains were identified as P. aeruginosa from bovine mastitis milk samples in Shiraz and Kazerun regions. Then the antibiogram test was performed to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) using three disinfectants, Titmit, Behsadin, and Damosib, based on the microdilution method. Results  Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains were 37.5% sensitive and 62.5% resistant, 36% environmental and 64% clinical. In examining the difference between the mean MIC changes of three disinfectants based on the Mann-Whitney U Test, the difference of Behsadin disinfectant MIC changes with other disinfectants was significant(P≤0.05) the same way, the difference of MIC changes of Titmate disinfectant with two other disinfectants was highly significant(P≤0.01). The results obtained from the research showed that the concentrations effective in inhibiting the growth of the strains are much lower than the amount recommended by the manufacturing companies. It is believed that the high use of these antimicrobial substances may cause selective pressure and lead to the growth of strains resistant to disinfectants. Also, the efflux pumps involved in resistance, despite the expectation, did not play an effective role in creating resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains, and they confirmed the hypothesis that the resistance created in the studied strains was probably due to other mechanisms.

Digestive system of ruminants is adapted for digesting diets that mainly consist of fodder. Feeding diets with high amounts of grain materials to ruminants causes gastric acidosis and liver abscesses. The aim of the present study was to identify bacterial agents isolated from liver abscesses and to investigate its prevalence in slaughtered cows in Semnan abattoir. In this study, a total of 200 cows were sampled. Rumen acidity was measured immediately after slaughter with a portable pH meter. During the inspection of the carcass, the liver of the cows was examined, and if there was an abscess, the related information was recorded. Then the abscess was completely separated from the liver along with a part of healthy tissue and transferred to the laboratory with ice. In the laboratory, culture of liver abscesses was performed according to the standard method. Out of 200 cattle, 63 (32.5%) had subacute acidosis, of which 40 (31.4%) were males and 23 (31.5%) were females. A total of 12 cattle (6.5%) were suffering from liver abscess. Fusobacterium necrophorum was isolated from 9 (69.2%) abscessed livers and Troperella pyogenes from 6 (46.1%) abscessed livers as the most common cause of abscess. The prevalence of subacute acidosis and liver abscesses in cows slaughtered in Semnan abattoir is 32.5% and 6.5%, respectively. Fusobacterium necrophorum and Troperella pyogenes are the most important causes of liver abscesses in cattle.

Avian H9N2 influenza virus is a significant pandemic pathogen widely distributed throughout the world. This virus can infect different species and cause zoonotic infections. Ownership of pets has been identified as a contributory factor to the transmission of infections to humans. In light of significant public health issues, this research investigated the prevalence of the H9N2 avian influenza virus in cats in the southeastern region of Iran. 75 feline blood samples were obtained from various sources, including the veterinary clinic of Shahid Bahonar University in Kerman, private clinics, and stray cats within the city. The results showed that 49 of the 75 feline samples (65.33%) tested positive for the presence of H9N2 antibodies. Statistical analysis revealed that raw food diets, outdoor living environments, and contact with other animals were identified as key contributors to increased seropositivity rates. This study demonstrates the potential risk factors for H9N2 exposure in the feline population and could inform future strategies to mitigate transmission risks in both domestic and stray cat populations.

Potato chips are popular snack with high fat content affects negatively on human health and subsequently increases obesity and the risk of cardiovascular diseases. In order to decrease the high fat health risks, coating can be an effective pre-treatment to reduce oil uptake. In this research, the effect of coating potato chips with a combined solution of aloe vera gel (0, 10 and 20% v/v), gum arabic (0, 2.5 and 5% w/v) and tomato powder (0, 1 and 2% w/v) on quality and oil uptake was investigated and the processes was optimized. Also, after frying coated potato chips, moisture content, oil uptake, frying efficiency, color and sensory properties were investigated. Results showed that all the coated samples had higher moisture content, less oil uptake and higher frying efficiency compared to the control one. It was also observed that increasing the concentration of coating materials (except tomato powder) had a significant effect on the physico-chemical characteristics of the samples (p<0.05). By optimizing the process, the best coating to achieve the highest moisture content and frying efficiency and lowest oil uptake were produced by 20% v/v aloe vera gel, 5% w/v gum arabic and 0% w/v tomato powder.

This study aimed to investigate of in vitro susceptibility of prototheca isolated from bovine clinical mastitis to some herbal extracts and chemical antifungal drugs amphotericin B and nystatin. Pure cultures of 20 isolates of Prototheca zopfii and 10 isolates of Prototheca wickerhamii isolated from bovine clinical mastitis after performing specialized microbiological tests to confirm them, were cultured on sabouraud dextrose agar culture medium supplemented with chloramphenicol (SC). algal suspensions including 1 × 106 spores in sterile 0.85% saline were prepared. Then, the antialgal activity of Allium cepal, Apium graveolens, Ficus carica Actinidia deliciosa extracts and Ferula galbaniflua boiss. et buhseessential oil was evaluated by the agar diffusion method. In the agar disk diffusion test, amphotericin B and nystatin were used as a positive control, and dimethyl sulfoxide was used as a negative control. The results showed that at the concentration of 200 mg/ml of Actinidia deliciosa, only 5 isolates of P. zopfii had inhibition zone diameter in the range of 7- 8 mm; While the isolates of both species of prototheca showed resistance to other extracts and Ferula galbaniflua boiss. et abuse essential oil. It seems that Actinidia deliciosa extract has more inhibitory power against prototheca isolates due to its lower pH than other extracts. Despite the resistance of prototheca isolates to plants tested in the present study, there are still problems in the field of treatment of protothecosis, especially prototheca mastitis, using conventional chemical antifungal drugs, and therefore it is suggested to continue the research on the therapeutic uses of natural and herbal products.

Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is an essential cofactor for cellular energy production, while L-arginine is a substrate of nitric oxide synthesis that have metabolic effects. This study aimed to evaluate the separate versus combined effects of CoQ10 and L-arginine on diabetic biomarkers in rats. Forty-eight male rats weighing 180-250 gr were randomly divided into six groups: The first healthy control group, the second diabetic control group (untreated diabetes), the third diabetic treated group with L-arginine (50 mg/kg), the fourth diabetic treated group with CoQ10 (10 mg/kg), the fifth diabetic treated group with L-Arginine (50 mg/kg) and CoQ10 (10 mg/kg), the sixth diabetic treated group with Metformin (250 mg/kg). Type 1 diabetes was induced with Alloxan (120 mg/kg, IP). After 30 days, glucose, insulin, liver enzymes, urea, serum creatinine and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were measured. Data were analyzed using the sigma stat 3.5 test with a significance level of P<0.05. In the CoQ10-treated group, HbA1C, serum glucose, liver enzymes, insulin, BUN, and creatinine were significantly decreased (P<0.05). L-arginine also demonstrated similar effects on serum biochemical parameters. However, no synergistic effect was observed between CoQ10 and L-arginine, suggesting that their combined use in diabetic patients may not be beneficial. According to the findings of the present study, CoQ10 Administration in conjunction with metformin may offer advantageous therapeutic outcomes.